aroused public sentiment set in motion by this celebra tion of the achievements of a century may demand for the patent system and for the office which administers its functions just recognition of its mighty influence and just provision for its needs as it enters upon the second century of its usefulness.' The Hon. Carroll D.Wright Commissioner of Labor then spoke on ' The Relation of Invention to Labor' and said that the influence of inventions upon labor has been felt in two directions—economically and sociologi cally. The economical influence has also been in two ways but diametrically opposite ways ; first in the displacement or contraction of labor and second in the expansion of labor. Very many modern inventions have created employments where none existed before. In a sociological sense machinery has brought with it a new school of ethics. It is the type and representa tive of the civilization of this period because it em bodies so far as mechanics are concerned the concen trated clearly wrought-out thought of the age. Un der the influence of inventions the workingman has learned that from a rude instrument of toil he has be come an intelligent exponent of hidden laws ; that he is not simply an animal wanting an animal's content ment but is something more and wants the content ment which belongs to the best environment. The mistake should not be made of assigning the cause of strikes and controversies to retrogression or to supposed increasing antagonism or to any desire to destroy the grand results of past inventions. How a new system shall be established with perfect justice to capital and to labor recognizing the moral forces at work contemporaneously with the industrial and the perfectly just distribution of profits relative to the use chinery is young—in fact is only the forerunner of more golden deeds. That the workingman does not receive full justice as the result of the use of inventions must be the conclusion of every student. The Hon. Justice Bla
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