of the condensers. While any number of tubes may be thus connected it is as well not to have more than four or five as the preparation of so many solu tions of varying density involves some little trouble. To make it more effective some coloring matter should be used in the fluids and this should be made to vary in intensity as the fluids vary in weight. In the next cut another experiment illustrative also of the laws of the specific gravity of fluids is shown. With two pieces of glass and some strips of wood a water.tight cell is constructed. The wooden strips may be printer's 'furniture.' A three-sided frame is made and cemented at the joints with sealing wax. The sides of the wood are then coated with sealing wax and one piece of glass put in place and exposed to a very gently applied heat. When the wax is thoroughly melted the glass is allowed to cool and the other side is treated in like manner. The cell should be about live inches high and four wide by internal measurement. In it four or five test tubes are floated each containing a liquid of different specific gravity. They are adjusted to float with their bottoms on an exact line. A rubber band may be sprung around the cell as a mark. The heights of the columns of fluid contained by each will vary with the specific gravity. This forms an exceedingly good lantern slide. The two experiments are complementary and should be shown in succession. The test tubes should fit freely in the cell and nothing lighter than water can well be used in any of them as a light fluid tends to make the tube containing it top-heavy. Energy. Instances of the indirect transformation are not new to the physical investigator and a record of one of the first is to be found in the now classic work on the correlation of the physical forces written by W. K. Grove (now Justice Grove) when he was a young man. Special interest however attaches to some recent ex periments by Kalischer in which he describes a se lenium cell which when exposed
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