BY PROP. J. B. HATCHER. PRINCETON UNIVERSITY. The interest of the scientific world in the extinct life of Patagonia dates from the publication in the early lections of fossil vertebrates and invertebrates made in that region by Darwin during the voyage of the 'Beagle' from 1833 to 1836. Notwithstanding the interesting and unique nature of most of the fossil mammals in Darwin's collection so entirely different from everything knoin n in the northern hemisphere yet the interest aroused by his discoveries was permitted to subside and for many years almost nothing was done toward bringing to light the exceedingly rich extinct fauna of this distant and little known land. During the eighties interest was again attracted to this region by the explorations of Moyan Moreno Burmeister Lister and others. Interesting and important as were the results at tained by each of these expeditions they were really insignificant from a paleontological standpoint as com pared with the brilliant achievements of Charles and Fiorentino Atneghino. The combined efforts of these two brothers will always stand as a monument to South American paleontology and as a substantial testimony of what men endowed with an enthusiastic zeal for their profession may accomplish even under most discouraging circumstances. The beginning of the first systematic investigation of the paleontology of Patagonia dates from the first voyage of Charles Ameghino in 1887. Since that time a series of papers written by Dr. Fiorentino Aineghino upon material collected by his brother in the field have followed one another in rapid succession each almost invariably announcing discoveries more remark able than the preceding. The discoveries announced by the Ameghinos were of such an interesting nature and many of the con clusions drawn from them were so extraordinary and frequently so opposed to conclusions believed to be well established by observed facts in the northern hemisphere that paleontologists everywhere agreed as t
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