Stele with Portrait of a Boy, 3rd century A.D., Limestone, 93 × 31.4 × 13.3 cm (36 5/8 × 12 3/8 × 5 1/4 in.), This rectangular limestone stele provides an example of the art of the Roman province of Africa (modern Tunisia), once the heartland of the Carthaginian empire. The stele, which served either a votive or funerary function, is divided into three registers carved in relief. In the large central zone, a standing male figure dressed in a toga holds a rotulus (scroll) in his left hand; the bulla (protective amulet) resting on his chest, an accessory customary for Roman children, suggests he has not yet attained adulthood. Together, the toga and bulla emphasize the status of this boy living in Africa as a would-be citizen of Rome. The rotulus is not only a sign of erudition, it also echoes portraits of Roman emperors and magistrates which also display the attribute, thereby emphasizing the ‘romanitas’ of the boy displayed. By contrast, the motifs in the narrow upper and lower registers derive from local tradition. Towards the top of the stele, a seated female figure nurses a baby while flanked by attendants carrying baskets and other items; she is surely Caelestis, the Romanized version of the principal goddess of Carthage, shown here in a guise (perhaps conflated with Dea Nutrix) emphasizing her fecundity. In the bottom register, a massive bull faces left towards a haystack; the bull was a popular motif in the art of the region since pre-Roman times., Roman, Tunisian, Roman (3rd century A.D.), Sculpture
Keywords:
Stele, Portrait, Boy, 3rd century A.D., Limestone, rectangular limestone stele provides, example, the art, the Roman province, Africa, modern Tunisia, heartland, the Carthaginian empire., stele, served, votive, funerary function, divided, three registers carved, relief., large central zone, standing male figure dressed, toga holds, rotulus, scroll, in, left hand, the bulla, protective amulet, resting, chest, accessory customary, Roman children, yet attained adulthood. Together, the toga, bulla emphasize, status, boy living, Africa, a, -, citizen, Rome., rotulus, sign, erudition, echoes portraits, Roman emperors, magistrates, display, attribute, thereby emphasizing the ‘romanitas’ of, boy displayed., contrast, the motifs, the narrow upper, lower registers derive, local tradition. Towards, top, the stele, seated female figure nurses, baby, flanked, attendants carrying baskets, items, surely Caelestis, the Romanized version, the principal goddess, Carthage, shown, guise, perhaps conflated, Dea Nutrix, emphasizing, fecundity., bottom register, massive bull faces left towards, haystack, the bull, popular motif, the art, the region, pre-Roman times., Roman, Tunisian, Roman, 3rd century A.D., Sculpture
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