Images at Librifly

Socket from a Spearhead or a Ceremonial Staff, ca. 1607–17, Tibetan or Mongolian, Iron, gold, silver, L. 11 3/4 in. (29.8 cm), Shafted Weapons

元 黑漆鑲錫邊嵌螺鈿菱花形盒, Lobed Box, Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), late 13th–14th century, China, Black lacquer with mother-of-pearl inlay and pewter wires, H. 7 in. (17.8 cm); Diam. 8 5/8 in. (22 cm), Lacquer, Lacquer boxes

Helmet, possibly 14th–16th century, Western Tibetan or Central Asian, Iron, copper alloy, textile, H. 17 1/2 in. (44.5 cm); W. 8 7/8 in. (22.5 cm); D. 9 1/4 in. (23.5 cm); Wt. 3 lb. 8.4 oz. (1598.9 g), Helmets

Bronze shovel, Classical, 5th century B.C., Etruscan, Bronze, Other: 9 15/16 in. (25.2 cm), Bronzes, Simple shovel with handle ending in an animal hoof

Vase fragment, Neolithic, Terracotta, 2 7/16 × 1 15/16 × 3/4 × 5/16 in. (6.2 × 4.9 × 1.9 × 0.7 cm), Vases

Limestone statuette of Herakles brandishing a club, Classical, first half of the 5th century B.C., Cypriot, Limestone, Overall: 10 x 5 x 2 3/8 in. (25.4 x 12.7 x 6 cm), Stone Sculpture, Right arm raised holding club

Lead figure of a winged goddess, possibly Artemis Orthia, Archaic, late 7th–6th century B.C., Greek, Laconian, Lead, Height: 1 1/16 in. (2.7 cm), Miscellaneous-Lead, Small flat votive figurines of cast lead have been found in great

The First Nakamura Nakazo in the Role of Kudo Suketsune, Edo period (1615–1868), probably 1775, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 12 7/8 x 5 7/8 in. (32.7 x 14.9 cm), Prints, Katsukawa Shunshō (Japanese,

Gold and copper alloy bracelet with lion-head finials, Classical, 5th century B.C., Cypriot, Gold, bronze, Diam.: 3 3/8 in. (8.6 cm), Gold and Silver, With a head of a lion on the end

Glass alabastron (perfume bottle), Classical, late 6th–5th century B.C., Greek, Eastern Mediterranean, Glass; core-formed, Group I, H.: 3 1/4 in. (8.3 cm), Glass, Opaque light turquoise green, with handles in same color; trails in opaque

Pitcher, 1835–65, Possibly made in New Jersey, United States; Probably made in New York, United States, American, Blown glass with applied decoration, H. 8 1/2 in. (21.6 cm), Glass

Lucretia Preparing to Kill Herself, ca. 1542, Engraving, 2nd state, sheet: 11 15/16 x 8 1/16 in. (30.3 x 20.4 cm) mounted on sheet trimmed to size of print, Prints, Engraved by Enea Vico (Italian, Parma 1523–1567 Ferrara), After

Ichikawa Monosuke II as Soga no Juro Sukenari (?), Edo period (1615–1868), ca. 1785, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 12 3/4 x 5 3/4 in. (32.4 x 14.6 cm), Prints, Katsukawa Shunkō (Japanese, 1743–1812

Baisemain, September 1, 1893, Albumen silver print from glass negative, Image: 14 x 9.9 cm (5 1/2 x 3 7/8 in.), Photographs, Pierre-Louis Pierson (French, 1822–1913

Plum Blossoms, Edo period (1615–1868), Japan, Polychrome woodblock print (surimono); ink and color on paper, 7 9/16 x 2 3/8 in. (19.2 x 6 cm), Prints, Yomo no Utagaki Magao (Japanese, 1753–1829

Glass mosaic ribbed bowl fragment, Early Imperial, late 1st century B.C.–early 1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; cast and tooled, Other: 1 3/16 x 1 15/16 in. (3.1 x 4.9 cm); estimated diam. of rim: 3 3/4 in. (9.6 cm), Glass, Rim fragment.,

Furniture plaque carved in relief with a “woman at the window”, Neo-Assyrian, ca. 9th–8th century B.C., Syria, probably from Arslan Tash (ancient Hadatu), Assyrian, Ivory, 3.27 x 4.72 in. (8.31 x 11.99 cm), Ivory/Bone-Reliefs-Inscribed,

New Year Card with Kyōka (Humerous Poem) and Three Disks, Edo period (1615–1868), 18th–19th century, Japan, Part of an album of woodblock prints (surimono); ink and color on paper, 8 3/8 x 3 1/8 in. (21.3 x 7.9 cm), Prints, Unidentified

Neck from a vessel depicting the goddess Hathor flanked by felines, Third Intermediate Period, Dynasty 21–22, ca. 1070–712 B.C., From Egypt, Eastern Delta, Tell Basta (Bubastis), Temple of Bastet, ancient cache, Silver, gold, h. 8 cm

Glass mosaic inlay fragment, Early Imperial, late 1st century B.C.–early 1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; cast, Other: 1 1/8 x 1 5/8 in. (2.9 x 4.1 cm), Glass, Fragment of revetment plaque., Translucent purple and opaque yellow., Flat

Porte Septentrionale de la Salle Hypostyle du Palais de Karnac, 1849–50, Salted paper print from paper negative, Image: 6 1/8 × 8 1/4 in. (15.5 × 21 cm), Photographs, Maxime Du Camp (French, 1822–1894

Female Nude, ca. 1931–35, Graphite on paper, 24 x 19 in. (61 x 48.3 cm), Drawings, Gaston Lachaise (American (born France) 1882–1935), Undated, this drawing was undoubtedly made during Lachaise’s maturity, when he often exaggerated

Pilgrim's Badge, 15th century, French, Lead, Overall: 1 1/2 x 1 5/8in. (3.8 x 4.1cm), Metalwork-Lead

Terracotta beaked jug, Middle Minoan IIIB, ca. 1700–1600 B.C., Cycladic, Melian, Terracotta, height as restored: 21 7/16 in. (54.4 cm), Vases, On each side of the upper body, a bird

The Woodland Stream, 1856, Albumen silver print, Photographs, Plunket (Irish

Limestone plaque with breasts and a bunch of grapes in relief, Late Classical or Early Hellenistic, ca. 350–250 B.C., Cypriot, Limestone, Overall: 18 x 16 3/4 x 4 1/4 in. (45.7 x 42.5 x 10.8 cm), Stone Sculpture, Two breasts and uncertain

『春雨集』　摺物帖, Edo period (1615–1868), probably 1810s, Japan, Privately published woodblock prints (surimono) mounted in an album; ink and color on paper, 8 7/16 x 3 7/16 in. (21.4 x 8.7 cm), Prints, Utagawa Kuninao (Japanese,

Jérusalem, Vallée de Hinnom, Inscription tumulaire grecque, 2, 1854, Salted paper print from paper negative, Image: 23 x 32.5 cm (9 1/16 x 12 13/16 in.), Photographs, Auguste Salzmann (French, 1824–1872

Wanderer in the Storm, 1835, Oil on canvas, 16 3/4 x 22 1/4 in. (42.5 x 56.5 cm), Paintings, Julius von Leypold (German, Dresden 1806–1874 Niederlößnitz), The figure of a wanderer in an untamed natural setting personified restless yearning

Burse, 1714?–?27, British, Pearls, garnets, silk and metal thread on velvet, H. without tassels 19 x W. 18 inches (48.3 x 45.7 cm), Textiles-Embroidered, This burse was specifically made to carry the Great Seal of England. It dates to the

Belt Hook, late Eastern Zhou dynasty (770–256 B.C.), China, Bronze, gold inlay, W. 1 1/8 in. (2.9 cm); L. 1 11/16 in. (4.3 cm), Metalwork

Cranes in Marsh, Meiji period (1868–1912), ca. 1887, Japan, Album leaf; ink and color on silk, 14 1/4 x 10 1/2 in. (36.2 x 26.7 cm), Paintings, Kawanabe Kyōsai (Japanese, 1831–1889

Erotic Print, Edo period (1615–1868), Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, Image: 10 in. × 15 1/8 in. (25.4 × 38.4 cm), Prints, Kitagawa Utamaro (Japanese, 1753?–1806

Glass perfume bottle, Early Imperial, early to mid-1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; blown with marvered and tooled trails, 1 7/8 in. (4.8 cm), Glass, Translucent amber yellow, with opaque white trail. Unworked, knocked-off rim; flaring mouth;

Leaf of a Plant, before February 14, 1844, Salted paper print from paper negative, Photographs, William Henry Fox Talbot (British, Dorset 1800–1877 Lacock

Eight Views of the Genji Story: Still Life, Edo period (1615–1868), 19th century, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print (surimono); ink and color on paper, 7 3/16 x 6 1/2 in. (18.3 x 16.5 cm), Prints, Yashima Gakutei (Japanese, 1786?–1868

Terracotta bell-krater (bowl for mixing wine and water), Classical, ca. 450–440 B.C., Greek, Attic, Terracotta; red-figure, H. 14 3/16 in. (36 cm); diameter of mouth 15 1/16 in. (38.2 cm), Vases, Obverse, kitharode and three male

View into the Courtyard of an Inn at Colmar, 1821–77, Watercolor, over a sketch in graphite, sheet: 10 7/8 x 8 9/16 in. (27.7 x 21.7 cm), Drawings, Eduard Gaertner (German, Berlin 1801–1877 Zechlin

Terracotta rim of a cup with spirals and bands, Middle Minoan II, ca. 1800–1700 B.C., Minoan, Terracotta; Kamares ware, Overall: 1 x 2 1/8in. (2.5 x 5.4cm), Vases, From Knossos, Crete. Part of rim, polychrome, spiral ornament and bands in

Architectural Capriccio, 1547, Italian, Verona, Walnut and other woods, Woodwork, Francesco Orlandini, Commissioned by Claude d'Urfé, Ambassador of the King of France to the Council of Trent. Executed by Fra Damiano da Bergamo and his

Salt, 1827–35, Made in Sandwich, Massachusetts, United States, American, Pressed glass, W. 3 5/8 in. (9.2 cm), Glass, Boston & Sandwich Glass Company (American, 1825–1888, Sandwich, Massachusetts

Bone doll with articulated limbs, Hellenistic, late 4th or 3rd century B.C., Greek, Bone, H.: 3 in. (7.6 cm), Moveable arms and legs.. This doll was found together with the terracottas

Tree at Colinton, 1843–47, Salted paper print from paper negative, Photographs, David Octavius Hill (British, Perth, Scotland 1802–1870 Edinburgh, Scotland), Robert Adamson (British, St. Andrews, Scotland 1821–1848 St. Andrews,

Buddha Maitreya (Mile), 北魏正光五年 青銅鎏金彌勒佛像, Northern Wei dynasty (386–534), dated 524, China, Gilt bronze, H. 30 1/4 (76.8 cm); W. 16 in. (40.6 cm); D. 9 3/4 in. (24.8 cm), Sculpture, The attenuated physique and

Vittorio Emanuele II, 1867, Albumen silver print from glass negative, Image: 6.2 x 4.7 cm (2 7/16 x 1 7/8 in.) oval, Photographs, Cesare Bernieri (Italian, active Turin 1861–70), An avowed patriot, Bernieri fought alongside Garibaldi in the

Fragment, 3rd–4th century, Attributed to Egypt, Linen, wool; tapestry weave, H. 3 in. (7.6 cm), Textiles

Sock, late 18th century, Attributed to Iran, Silk, metal, H. 11 1/2 in. (29.2 cm), Textiles-Costumes

Livetta, 1860s, Albumen silver print from glass negative, Photographs, Pierre-Louis Pierson (French, 1822–1913

清, 金?, 梅花, 扇面, Plum, Qing dynasty (1644–1911), dated 1886, China, Folding fan mounted as an album leaf; ink and color on alum paper, 7 x 21 in. (17.8 x 53.3 cm), Paintings, Jin Lan (Chinese, 1841–1910), The influence of

Bottle, Head on Spout, ca. 6th century B.C., Peru, Paracas, Ceramic, post-fired paint, H. 7 in. (17.8 cm), Ceramics-Containers, Bowls and bottles in various shapes and sizes are consistently found among the burial goods that ancient Peruvian

Cylinder seal and modern impression: seated 'pigtailed ladies' and pots, Late Uruk–Jemdet Nasr, ca. 3300–2900 B.C., Mesopotamia, Nippur, Limestone, H. 3/4 in. (1.9 cm), Stone-Cylinder Seals, Although engraved stones had been used as early

Glass mosaic bowl fragment, Late Hellenistic, 2nd–mid-1st century B.C., Greek, Eastern Mediterranean, Glass; cast, Other: 11/16 x 3/4 in. (1.8 x 1.9 cm); estimated diam. of rim 4 3/4 in. (12 cm), Glass, Rim fragment., Translucent purple,

The Upper Lake, 1853–56, Salted paper print, Image: 16.5 × 13.8 cm (6 1/2 × 5 7/16 in.), Photographs, James Knight (British

Costume Plate: Hispania Rustica (with laundry on head), ca. 1557–58, Engraving, sheet: 5 7/8 x 3 11/16 in. (15 x 9.3 cm), Prints, Engraved by Enea Vico (Italian, Parma 1523–1567 Ferrara

Ikiutsushi Americajin no zu, 生写亜墨利加人之図, An American Drawn from Life, Edo period (1615–1868), 1861 (2nd month), Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 14 1/4 x 10 in. (36.2 x 25.4 cm), Prints, Utagawa

Aquamanile in the Form of a Ram, ca. 1250–1350, Made in Scarborough, England, British, Earthenware, green glaze, Overall: 9 7/16 x 11 1/2 x 5 1/4 in. (23.9 x 29.2 x 13.3 cm), Ceramics, Aquamanilia—the word comes from the Latin words for

Glass ribbed bowl, Early Imperial, late 1st century B.C.–mid 1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; cast, tooled, and cut, Base: 4 1/4 in. (10.8 cm), Glass, Colorless with pale blue green tinge. Plain vertical rim with top edge ground flat;

Tonsure of Mahavira: Folio from a Kalpasutra Manuscript, 1461 (Samvat 1519), India (Gujarat), Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper, 4 3/8 x 10 1/8 in. (11.1 x 25.7 cm), Paintings

Marble Statue Group of the Three Graces, Imperial, 2nd century A.D., Roman, Marble, Overall: 48 7/16 x 39 3/8in. (123 x 100cm), Stone Sculpture, Roman copy of a Greek work of the 2nd century B.C.. These young girls, linked in a dance-like

Boy and Monkey Playing, Edo period (1615–1868), Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 10 × 7 1/2 in. (25.4 × 19.1 cm), Prints, Isoda Koryūsai (Japanese, 1735–ca. 1790

Pocket bottle, 1769–74, Made in Manheim, Pennsylvania, United States, American, Blown pattern-molded glass, H. 5 1/4 in. (13.3 cm), Glass, Attributed to American Flint Glass Manufactory (1764–1774), Attributed to Henry William Stiegel

'Timur before Battle', Folio from a Dispersed Copy of the Zafarnama (Book of Victories) of Sharaf al-din 'Ali Yazdi, A.H. 839/A.D. 1436, Attributed to Iran, Ink, opaque watercolor, silver, and gold on paper, 11 1/2 x 8in. (29.2 x 20.3cm),

Iwai Hanshirō IV as Shigenoi in the Play 'Koinyōbō Somewake Tazuna', Edo period (1615–1868), 1794, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink, color, white mica on paper, 14 3/5 x 9 3/5 in. (37.1 x 24.4 cm), Prints, Tōshūsai Sharaku

南宋 佚名 阿彌陀如來圖 軸, Buddha Amitabha descending from his Pure Land, Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279), 13th century, China, Hanging scroll; ink and color on silk, Image: 53 1/2 in. × 23 in. (135.9 × 58.4 cm), Paintings,

Three Women on a Veranda, Edo period (1615–1868), 1756–1829, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 14 7/8 x 9 9/16 in. (37.8 x 24.3 cm), Prints, Chōbunsai Eishi (Japanese, 1756–1829

Iconographic Drawing of Saturn (Doyō), 土曜図像, Heian period (794–1185), 12th century, Japan, Hanging scroll; ink and color on paper, Image: 21 5/8 x 11 1/8 in. (54.9 x 28.2 cm), Paintings, Rituals dedicated to the stars and planets

The ‘Crouching Dragon’ Plum Tree at Kameido from the series An Array of Flowers, Beauties, and Famous Places (hana bijin meisho awase), 「花美人名所合 亀戸 臥龍梅」, Meiji period (1868–1912), 1895, Japan, Triptych of

The Hundred Birds, Ming dynasty (?) (1368–1644), China, Handscroll; color on silk, 19 1/2 x 263 in. (49.5 x 668.0 cm), Paintings, Unidentified Artist

Glass striped mosaic bowl fragment, Early Imperial, late 1st century B.C.–early 1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; cast, Other: 1 1/2 x 2 1/4 in. (3.8 x 5.8 cm), Glass, Translucent cobalt blue, purple layered with colorless and appearing red,

Hanging Shelves, from Chippendale Drawings, Vol. II, ca. 1753–54, Black ink, gray wash, sheet: 8 1/8 x 12 1/8 in. (20.7 x 30.9 cm), Thomas Chippendale (British, baptised Otley, West Yorkshire 1718–1779 London

Rue du Caire, 1870s, Albumen silver print from glass negative, Photographs, Félix Bonfils (French, 1831–1885

Papierlaternen-Fabrik Riethmüller [maker's catalog], ca. 1880, Chromolithograph, Overall: 14 x 10 7/16 x 3/8 in. (35.5 x 26.5 x 1 cm), Books, Anonymous, 19th century

Vase fragment, Early Minoan III, Minoan, Terracotta, 1 7/8 × 2 × 3/16 in. (4.8 × 5 × 0.5 cm), Vases

Stirrup, 15th–18th century, Tibetan, Iron, gold, silver, H. 4 1/2 in. (11.9 cm), Equestrian Equipment-Stirrups

Snuffbox, ca. 1750, German, Meissen, Hard-paste porcelain, gold, Gr. H. 2 1/8 in. (5.4 cm.); Gr. D. 2 15/16 in. (7.5 cm.); , Ceramics-Porcelain

清, 潘思牧, 山水, 冊頁八開, Landscapes, Qing dynasty (1644–1911), 19th century, China, Album of eight leaves; ink and color on paper, 10 7/8 x 13 3/4 in. (27.6 x 34.9 cm), Paintings, Pan Simu (Chinese, 1756–1842

The Fourth Iwai Hanshiro as a Woman Standing Beneath a Cherry Tree, Edo period (1615–1868), ca. 1792?, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 12 3/4 x 5 5/8 in. (32.4 x 14.3 cm), Prints, Katsukawa Shun'ei (Japanese,

Plaque with the figure of a lion, Achaemenid, ca. 6th–5th century B.C., Iran, Qasr-i Abu Nasr, Achaemenid, Limestone, black, H. 2 1/2 x W. 2 3/4 in. (6.4 x 7 cm), Stone-Reliefs

Quiver, 14th–15th century, Tibetan or Mongolian, Leather, lacquer or shellac, wood, L. 30 3/4 in. (78.1 cm), Archery Equipment

Bronze relief of a Roman soldier and a barbarian, Mid-Imperial, Severan, ca. A.D. 200, Roman, Bronze, Greatest height 4 3/16 in. (10.7 cm); Greatest width 2 13/16 in. (7.2 cm), Bronzes, Group, in high relief, representing a warrior standing

相模屋亭主, Actor as Master of Sagamiya (Sagamiya teishu), Edo period (1615–1868), 19th century, Japan, Panel from a triptych of polychrome woodblock prints; ink and color on paper, Image: 13 5/8 × 9 1/2 in. (34.6 × 24.1 cm), Prints,

Masked Figure Pendant, 10th–16th century, Colombia, Rio Magdalena, Tolima (?), Gold (cast alloy), H. 3 7/8 x W. 2 7/8 x D. 1 1/8 in. (9.8 x 7.3 x 2.8 cm), Metal-Ornaments, Tolima

Rev. Dr. Keith, 1843–47, Salted paper print from paper negative, Photographs, David Octavius Hill (British, Perth, Scotland 1802–1870 Edinburgh, Scotland), Robert Adamson (British, St. Andrews, Scotland 1821–1848 St. Andrews,

Mosaic glass fragment, Early Imperial, late 1st century B.C.–early 1st century A.D., Roman, Glass; cast, Other: 13/16 x 13/16 in. (2.1 x 2 cm), Glass, Body fragment., Translucent blue, opaque white and yellow, and colorless., Slightly

Les Ruines de Paris et de ses Environs 1870-1871: Cent Photographies: Second Volume. Par A. Liébert, text par Alfred d'Aunay., 1870–71, Albumen silver prints from glass negatives, Images approx.: 19 x 25 cm (7 1/2 x 9 13/16 in.), or the

東周 青銅敦, Grain Serving Vessel (Dui), Eastern Zhou dynasty (770–256 B.C.), ca. 5th century B.C., China, Bronze, H. 3 1/3 in. (8.9 cm); W. 3 3/4 in. (9.5 cm); D. 4 3/8 in. (11.1 cm), Metalwork

Outer Entrance to the King's Palace, Teheran, 1858, Salted paper print from paper negative, Photographs, Luigi Pesce (Italian, 1818–1891

Heads Studies for 'Castor and Pollux Freeing Helen', 1817, Black crayon, stumping, and white chalk on buff laid paper, Sheet: 8 11/16 x 11 7/8 in. (22.1 x 30.2 cm), Drawings, Joseph-Ferdinand Lancrenon (French, 1794–1874

Garnet (pyrope) ring stone, Imperial, ca. 1st century A.D.–3rd century A.D., Roman, Garnet (pyrope), Length: 1/2 in. (1.2 cm), Gems, Winged foot resting on a butterfly

Actor Scattering Peas; A Ceremony of Exorcism for the New Year, Edo period (1615–1868), 19th century, Japan, Part of an album of woodblock prints (surimono); ink and color on paper, 8 3/16 x 5 1/2 in. (20.8 x 14 cm), Prints, Kubo Shunman

Moldings for Desk and Bookcase, from Chippendale Drawings, Vol. II, ca. 1753–54, Black ink, sheet: 12 11/16 x 6 7/16 in. (32.2 x 16.4 cm), Thomas Chippendale (British, baptised Otley, West Yorkshire 1718–1779 London

Print, Edo period (1615–1868), 19th century, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, Image: 13 5/8 × 9 5/8 in. (34.6 × 24.4 cm), Prints, Utagawa Kunisada (Japanese, 1786–1865

Probe drain ?, Bronze, Other: 2 1/4 in. (5.7 cm), Bronzes

Spoon probe, Silver, 3 11/16 × 13/16 in. (9.4 × 2.1 cm), Gold and Silver

Guinea Pigs, 1789, Stipple engraving and etching, printed in color à la poupée, image: 20 3/8 x 15 15/16 in. (51.8 x 40.5 cm), Prints, Thomas Gaugain (British, London 1756–ca. 1810 London), After George Morland (British, London

The Syrens, April 10, 1787, Etching aquatint and stipple, Sheet: 10 11/16 × 14 5/8 in. (27.2 × 37.1 cm), Prints, Thomas Rowlandson (British, London 1757–1827 London

Teheran, 1858, Salted paper print from paper negative, Photographs, Luigi Pesce (Italian, 1818–1891

Girl Accompanied by an Elder Attendant Walking by a Stream, Edo period (1615–1868), ca. 1770, Japan, Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper, 10 1/2 x 7 1/4 in. (26.7 x 18.4 cm), Prints, Isoda Koryūsai (Japanese, 1735–ca.

Florinda, 1853, Oil on canvas, 70 1/4 x 96 3/4 in. (178.4 x 245.7 cm), Paintings, Franz Xaver Winterhalter (German, Menzenschwand 1805–1873 Frankfurt), This painting depicts an episode from the legend of Roderick, the last king of the

Bronze serving fork, Imperial, ca. 2nd–3rd century A.D., Roman, Bronze, Other: 5 3/4 in. (14.6 cm), Bronzes, Although it is widely believed that forks were not introduced until the Middle Ages, it is possible to find examples from Roman